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The Mars 2 and 3 orbiters sent back a relatively large volume of data covering the period from December 1971 to March 1972, although transmissions continued through to August. By 22 August 1972, after sending back data and a total of 60 pictures, Mars 2 and 3 concluded their missions. The images and data enabled creation of surface relief maps ...
Mars 2: Lavochkin: 19 May 1971 27 November 1971 269 days Mars 3: Lavochkin: 28 May 1971 2 December 1971 264 days Mariner 9: NASA: 30 May 1971 14 November 1971 348 days Mars 5: Lavochkin: 25 July 1973 12 February 1974 16 days Viking 1: NASA: 20 August 1975 19 June 1976 1,520 days Viking 2: NASA: 9 September 1975 7 August 1976 717 days Phobos 2 ...
Mars 2: Mars 2 (4M No.171) 19 May 1971 Soviet Union: Orbiter Successful On November 27 it became in short sequence the second spacecraft to orbit another planet. [5] Operated for 362 orbits [6] Proton-K/D: Mars 2 lander (SA 4M No.171) Lander Spacecraft failure First lander to impact Mars. Deployed from Mars 2, failed to land during attempt on ...
Mariner 4 (Mariner C-3, together with Mariner 3 known as Mariner-Mars 1964) was the fourth in a series of spacecraft intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode. It was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit these observations to Earth .
Launch of Mariner 1 in 1962. The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets.Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for ...
Mars 2MV-4 No.1 [1] [2] also known as Sputnik 22 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Mars programme, and was intended to make a flyby of Mars, [3] and transmit images of the planet back to Earth. [4] Due to a problem with the rocket which launched it, it was destroyed in low Earth orbit. [5]
The Rosalind Franklin rover is an autonomous six-wheeled vehicle with mass approximately 300 kg (660 lb), about 60% more than NASA's 2004 Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity, [17] but about one third that of NASA's two most recent rovers: Curiosity rover, launched in 2011, and Perseverance rover, launched in 2020. ESA returned to ...
Mariner 3 (Mariner C-2, together with Mariner 4 known as Mariner-Mars 1964) was one of two identical deep-space probes designed and built by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for NASA's Mariner-Mars 1964 project that were intended to conduct close-up (flyby) scientific observations of the planet Mars and transmit information on interplanetary space and the space surrounding Mars, televised ...