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Ancient DNA (aDNA) is DNA isolated from ancient sources (typically specimens, but also environmental DNA). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Due to degradation processes (including cross-linking , deamination and fragmentation ) [ 3 ] ancient DNA is more degraded in comparison with contemporary genetic material. [ 4 ]
Archaeogenetics is the study of ancient DNA using various molecular genetic methods and DNA resources. This form of genetic analysis can be applied to human, animal, and plant specimens. Ancient DNA can be extracted from various fossilized specimens including bones, eggshells, and artificially preserved tissues in human and animal specimens.
Due to this reaction, ancient DNA contains an unexpected proportion of cytosine to thymine transitions, in particular at the ends of the molecules. [6] Other common DNA modifications, besides the deamination of cytosine into thymine (this occurs when cytosines were methylated), is the presence of abasic sites and single-strand breaks. [5]
Scientists have compiled the largest database of ancient DNA based on the bones and teeth of almost 5,000 humans who lived across Western Europe and parts of Central Asia from 34,000 years ago ...
A view of Pompeii, the ancient Roman city near modern Naples in Italy, is seen in 1979. An estimated 2,000 people died in the city during the eruption of the nearby Mount Vesuvius. ((AP Photo, File))
Complete mtDNA sequences from 90 samples as well as genome-wide data from three ancient Egyptian individuals were successfully obtained and were compared with other ancient and modern datasets. The study used 135 modern Egyptian samples.
The team behind the new study was able to extract and sequence ancient DNA from 64 out of around 100 individuals, whose remains were found scattered in a water chultún — an underground storage ...
Museomics is the study of genomic data obtained from ancient DNA (aDNA) and historic DNA (hDNA) specimens in museum collections. [1] [2] Early research in this area focused on short sequences of DNA from mitochondrial genes, but sequencing of whole genomes has become possible. [1]