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The Volga Germans (German: Wolgadeutsche, pronounced [ˈvɔlɡaˌdɔʏtʃə] ⓘ; Russian: поволжские немцы, romanized: povolzhskiye nemtsy) are ethnic Germans who settled and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and close to Ukraine nearer to the south.
The German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 marked the end of the Volga German ASSR. On 28 August 1941, the republic was formally abolished and, out of fear they could act as German collaborators, all Volga Germans were exiled to the Kazakh SSR, Altai and Siberia. [4] Many were interned in labor camps merely due to their heritage. [2]
The German minority population in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union stemmed from several sources and arrived in several waves. Since the second half of the 19th century, as a consequence of the Russification policies and compulsory military service in the Russian Empire, large groups of Germans from Russia emigrated to the Americas (mainly Canada, the United States, Brazil and Argentina ...
Russian Germans frequently lived in distinct communities and maintained German language schools and German churches. They were primarily Volga Germans from the lower Volga River valley; Black Sea Germans from the Crimean Peninsula / Black Sea region; or Volhynian Germans from the governorate of Volhynia in what is Ukraine .
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Labour Commune of Volga Germans in 1922. The Labour Commune of Volga Germans was a polity established in Russia following the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917. The Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic passed a decree which established this [1]
On April 29, 1937, the second stage of the Extraordinary 10th Congress of Soviets of the Volga German ASSR adopted the Constitution of the Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The Constitution was approved by the Law of the Russian SFSR on June 2, 1940. Article 110 of the constitution described the emblem of the Volga German ASSR ...
The Volga Commissariat for German Affairs started work in Saratov in March 1918. Its role was formalised through a charter which was approved on May 29, 1918, by the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs and the People's Commissariat for Nationalities of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic .