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  2. Vicariousness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicariousness

    There are various examples whereby the social phenomenon of vicariousness may be observed. These include for instance, stage parents, some of whom may try to live out their dream career through their offspring. [2] Such attempts of vicarious behavior has been noted by some analysts as having negative consequences. [3]

  3. Conditioned emotional response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioned_emotional_response

    This experiment is critical in experimental psychology for it demonstrated that the interaction of classical and operant conditioning contingency could be powerful in altering behavior. This work sparked a number of experiments on this interaction, resulting in important experimental and theoretical contributions on autoshaping, negative ...

  4. Operant conditioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operant_conditioning

    Operant conditioning, also called instrumental conditioning, is a learning process where voluntary behaviors are modified by association with the addition (or removal) of reward or aversive stimuli. The frequency or duration of the behavior may increase through reinforcement or decrease through punishment or extinction .

  5. Observational learning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observational_learning

    Or it can come from vicarious reinforcement, based on the observation that models are rewarded. High-status models can affect performance through motivation. For example, girls aged 11 to 14 performed better on a motor performance task when they thought it was demonstrated by a high-status cheerleader than by a low-status model. [9]

  6. Social learning theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_learning_theory

    Social learning theory is a theory of social behavior that proposes that new behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others. It states that learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. [1]

  7. Bobo doll experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobo_doll_experiment

    The role of vicarious reinforcement is shown through the Bobo Doll Experiment, which demonstrates how the behavior of adults easily influences children. [2] During the experiment, adults received praise for their aggressive behavior, and as a result, the likelihood of the children striking the doll increased.

  8. Reinforcement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement

    An example is a person who comes home after a long day at work. The behavior of opening the front door is rewarded by a big kiss on the lips by the person's spouse and a rip in the pants from the family dog jumping enthusiastically. Another example of superimposed schedules of reinforcement is a pigeon in an experimental cage pecking at a button.

  9. Latent learning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_learning

    One significant example of classical conditioning is Ivan Pavlov's experiment in which dogs showed a conditioned response to a bell the experimenters had purposely tried to associate with feeding time. After the dogs had been conditioned, the dogs no longer only salivated for the food, which was a biological need and therefore an unconditioned ...