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The differential diagnosis of testicular pain is broad and involves conditions from benign to life-threatening. The most common causes of pain in children presenting to the emergency room are testicular torsion (16%), torsion of a testicular appendage (46%), and epididymitis (35%). [4] In adults, the most common cause is epididymitis. [citation ...
ICD-9 chapters; Chapter Block Title I 001–139: Infectious and Parasitic Diseases II 140–239: Neoplasms III 240–279: Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, and Immunity Disorders IV 280–289: Diseases of the Blood and Blood-forming Organs V 290–319: Mental Disorders VI 320–389: Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs ...
The human male genitals consist of testicles and epididymides, ductus deferentes, seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts, prostate, bulbourethral glands, and penis. [ 1 ] Classification by type of disease
Epididymitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the epididymis, a curved structure at the back of the testicle. [1] Onset of pain is typically over a day or two. [1] The pain may improve with raising the testicle. [1] Other symptoms may include swelling of the testicle, burning with urination, or frequent urination. [1]
The exact cause of an epididymal cyst is unknown, but it is most likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during embryonic life. [3] Previous research has shown a correlation between the development of epididymal cysts and maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting substances like diethylstilbestrol during male fetal development.
Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord (from which the testicle is suspended) twists, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. [3] The most common symptom in children is sudden, severe testicular pain. [1] The testicle may be higher than usual in the scrotum and vomiting may occur.
A nearly 100% salvage rate exists within the first 6 hours after the onset of symptoms; a 70% rate, within 6–12 hours; and a 20% rate, within 12–24 hours. Therefore, testicular torsion is a surgical emergency and the role of ultrasound is to differentiate it from epididymitis as both disease presents with acute testicular pain clinically.
Chronic testicular pain is long-term pain of the testes. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is considered chronic if it has persisted for more than three months. [ 1 ] Chronic testicular pain may be caused by injury , infection , surgery , cancer , varicocele , or testicular torsion , and is a possible complication after vasectomy . [ 2 ]