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The E-flat (E ♭) clarinet is a member of the clarinet family, smaller than the more common B ♭ clarinet and pitched a perfect fourth higher. It is typically considered the sopranino or piccolo member of the clarinet family and is a transposing instrument in E ♭ with a sounding pitch a minor third higher than written.
E ♭ cornet, also known as a soprano cornet; Tenor horn, known as an Alto Horn in the US; Tuba in E-flat (written at concert pitch when using the bass clef, only transposing when written in treble clef) Circular altohorn (Koenig horn) pitched in E ♭ Tenor cornet; Mellophone; Alto trombone; Vocal horn (cornet with an upward-facing bell)
Concert pitch is the pitch reference to which a group of musical instruments are tuned for a performance. Concert pitch may vary from ensemble to ensemble, and has varied widely over time. The ISO defines international standard pitch as A440 , setting 440 Hz as the frequency of the A above middle C .
The 1st movement, in E-flat major, begins with an exposition of the main theme by the orchestra. The clarinet soloist enters with a high F (E-flat in terms of concert pitch) followed by a 3 octave jump before repeating the opening theme. This 3 octave jump, along with other large leaps, is stylistic of this movement.
Alto clarinet: E ♭ Sometimes referred to as the tenor clarinet in Europe, the alto clarinet is used in military and concert bands and occasionally, if rarely, in orchestras. [117] [118] [119] The alto clarinet in F was used in military bands during the early 19th century and was a favorite instrument of Iwan Müller. It fell out of use and ...
Some instruments are constructed in a variety of sizes, with the larger versions having a lower range than the smaller ones. Common examples are clarinets (the high E ♭ clarinet, soprano instruments in C, B ♭ and A, the alto in E ♭, and the bass in B ♭), flutes (the piccolo, transposing at the octave, the standard concert-pitch flute, and the alto flute in G), saxophones (in several ...
The E-flat major theme is sixteen bars in length. [2] The next section is marked poco più vivo. In some editions, what follows is "Variation I", though it could be argued that the previous section is actually the first variation. In any event, the so-called Variation I presents variations of the theme in triplets.
The contra-alto clarinet [2] is largely a development of the 2nd half of the 20th century, although there were some precursors in the 19th century: . In 1829, Johann Heinrich Gottlieb Streitwolf [], an instrument maker in Göttingen, introduced an instrument tuned in F in the shape and fingering of a basset horn, which could be called a contrabasset horn because it played an octave lower than it.