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The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
[citation needed] Animals and fungi are both heterotrophs, unlike plants, and while fungi are sessile like plants, there are also sessile animals. Cavalier-Smith and Stechmann argue that the uniciliate eukaryotes such as opisthokonts and Amoebozoa , collectively called unikonts , split off from the other biciliate eukaryotes, called bikonts ...
Myxomycota, now considered a synonym of Myxogastria, comes from the Ancient Greek words μύξα myxa, which means "mucus", and μύκης mykes, which means "fungus".The name Myxogastria was introduced in 1970 by Lindsay Shepherd Olive to describe the family Myxogastridae, which was introduced in 1899 by Thomas Huston Macbride. [4]
Since then, various life forms have been moved into three new kingdoms: Monera, for prokaryotes (i.e., bacteria); Protista, for protozoans and most algae; and Fungi. This five-kingdom scheme is still far from the phylogenetic ideal and has largely been supplanted in modern taxonomic work by a division into three domains: Bacteria and Archaea ...
The life cycle varies considerably. Some have a simple asexual life cycle, [ 16 ] while others have a complex life cycle involving multiple hosts and both asexual and sexual reproduction . Different types of spores may be produced at different stages, probably with different functions including autoinfection (transmission within a single host).
Amorphea [1] is a taxonomic supergroup that includes the basal Amoebozoa and Obazoa.That latter contains the Opisthokonta, which includes the Fungi, Animals and the Choanomonada, or Choanoflagellates.
Pathogenic fungi are fungi that cause disease in humans or other organisms. Although fungi are eukaryotic , many pathogenic fungi are microorganisms . [ 1 ] Approximately 300 fungi are known to be pathogenic to humans; [ 2 ] their study is called " medical mycology ".
Zygomycota, or zygote fungi, is a former division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi. The members are now part of two phyla: the Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota. [1] Approximately 1060 species are known. [2] They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material.