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Like all binary halides, those of vanadium are Lewis acidic, especially those of V(IV) and V(V). Many of the halides form octahedral complexes with the formula VX n L 6−n (X= halide; L= other ligand). Many vanadium oxyhalides (formula VO m X n) are known. [13] The oxytrichloride and oxytrifluoride (VOCl 3 and VOF 3) are the most widely studied.
Vanadyl nitrate, also called vanadium oxytrinitrate or vanadium oxynitrate is an inorganic compound of vanadium in the +5 oxidation state with nitrate ligands and oxygen. The formula is VO(NO 3 ) 3 . It is a pale yellow viscous liquid.
Vanadium(II) compounds are reducing agents, and vanadium(V) compounds are oxidizing agents. Vanadium(IV) compounds often exist as vanadyl derivatives, which contain the VO 2+ center. [23] Ammonium vanadate(V) (NH 4 VO 3) can be successively reduced with elemental zinc to obtain the different colors of vanadium in these four oxidation states.
Vanadium nitride, VN, is a chemical compound of vanadium and nitrogen. Vanadium nitride is formed during the nitriding of steel and increases wear resistance. [ 1 ] Another phase, V 2 N, also referred to as vanadium nitride, can be formed along with VN during nitriding. [ 2 ]
The vanadyl or oxovanadium(IV) cation, VO 2+, [1] is a functional group that is common in the coordination chemistry of vanadium. Complexes containing this functional group are characteristically blue and paramagnetic. A triple bond is proposed to exist between the V 4+ and O 2− centers. [2]
Vanadyl(IV) sulfate describes a collection of inorganic compounds of vanadium with the formula, VOSO 4 (H 2 O) x where 0 ≤ x ≤ 6. The pentahydrate is common. The pentahydrate is common. This hygroscopic blue solid is one of the most common sources of vanadium in the laboratory, reflecting its high stability.
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Vanadium(III) chloride describes the inorganic compound with the formula VCl 3 and its hydrates. It forms a purple anhydrous form and a green hexahydrate [VCl 2 (H 2 O) 4]Cl·2H 2 O. . These hygroscopic salts are common precursors to other vanadium(III) complexes and is used as a mild reducing age