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  2. Differentially methylated region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentially_methylated...

    Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are genomic regions with different DNA methylation status across different biological samples and regarded as possible functional regions involved in gene transcriptional regulation. The biological samples can be different cells/tissues within the same individual, the same cell/tissue at different times ...

  3. DNA methylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_methylation

    [83] [84] DNA methylation marks are mainly on the gene body, and current opinions on the function of DNA methylation is gene regulation via alternative splicing [85] DNA methylation levels in Drosophila melanogaster are nearly undetectable. [86] Sensitive methods applied to Drosophila DNA Suggest levels in the range of 0.1–0.3% of total ...

  4. CpG site - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CpG_site

    Neuron DNA methylation is required for synaptic plasticity; is modified by experiences; and active DNA methylation and demethylation is required for memory formation and maintenance. [ 52 ] In 2016 Halder et al. [ 53 ] using mice, and in 2017 Duke et al. [ 52 ] using rats, subjected the rodents to contextual fear conditioning , causing an ...

  5. Methyltransferase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyltransferase

    2'-O-methylation, m6A methylation, m1G methylation as well as m5C are most commonly methylation marks observed in different types of RNA. 6A is an enzyme that catalyzes chemical reaction as following: [9] S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA adenine S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA 6-methylaminopurine

  6. DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_(cytosine-5)-methyl...

    This enzyme is responsible for de novo DNA methylation. Such function is to be distinguished from maintenance DNA methylation which ensures the fidelity of replication of inherited epigenetic patterns. DNMT3A forms part of the family of DNA methyltransferase enzymes, which consists of the protagonists DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B. [5] [6]

  7. H3K4me3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H3K4me3

    H3K4me3 is present at sites of DNA double-strand breaks where it promotes repair by the non-homologous end joining pathway. [14] It has been implicated that the binding of H3K4me3 is necessary for the function of genes such as inhibitor of growth protein 1 (ING1), which act as a tumor suppressors and enact DNA repair mechanisms. [15]

  8. Epigenome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenome

    The function of DNA strands (yellow) alters depending on how it is organized around histones (blue) that can be methylated (green).. In biology, the epigenome of an organism is the collection of chemical changes to its DNA and histone proteins that affects when, where, and how the DNA is expressed; these changes can be passed down to an organism's offspring via transgenerational epigenetic ...

  9. Epigenetic clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic_clock

    An epigenetic clock is a biochemical test that can be used to measure age. The test is based on modifications that change over time and regulate how genes are expressed. Typically they can use DNA methylation levels, measuring the accumulation of methyl groups to one's DNA molecules, or more recently, based on the histone