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  2. Crystalline silicon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon

    Crystalline silicon or (c-Si) is the crystalline forms of silicon, either polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si, consisting of small crystals), or monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si, a continuous crystal). Crystalline silicon is the dominant semiconducting material used in photovoltaic technology for the production of solar cells .

  3. Monocrystalline silicon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon

    Monocrystalline silicon, often referred to as single-crystal silicon or simply mono-Si, is a critical material widely used in modern electronics and photovoltaics. As the foundation for silicon-based discrete components and integrated circuits , it plays a vital role in virtually all modern electronic equipment, from computers to smartphones.

  4. Polycrystalline silicon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon

    Polycrystalline silicon (or semi-crystalline silicon, polysilicon, poly-Si, or simply "poly") is a material consisting of multiple small silicon crystals. Polycrystalline cells can be recognized by a visible grain, a "metal flake effect".

  5. Qcells said it had set a world record for the efficiency of a large-area silicon solar cell with a top layer of perovskite, the name for materials with a crystal structure that absorbs large ...

  6. List of semiconductor materials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../List_of_semiconductor_materials

    Conversely, silicon is robust, cheap, and easy to process, whereas GaAs is brittle and expensive, and insulation layers cannot be created by just growing an oxide layer; GaAs is therefore used only where silicon is not sufficient. [2] By alloying multiple compounds, some semiconductor materials are tunable, e.g., in band gap or lattice constant ...

  7. Silicon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon

    It is relatively unreactive. Silicon is a significant element that is essential for several physiological and metabolic processes in plants. Silicon is widely regarded as the predominant semiconductor material due to its versatile applications in various electrical devices such as transistors, solar cells, integrated circuits, and others.

  8. Czochralski method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czochralski_method

    Monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si) grown by the Czochralski method is often referred to as monocrystalline Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si). It is the basic material in the production of integrated circuits used in computers, TVs, mobile phones and all types of electronic equipment and semiconductor devices. [6]

  9. Direct and indirect band gaps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_and_indirect_band_gaps

    Crystalline silicon is the most common solar-cell substrate material, despite the fact that it is indirect-gap and therefore does not absorb light very well. As such, they are typically hundreds of microns thick; thinner wafers would allow much of the light (particularly in longer wavelengths) to simply pass through.

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