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Aldosterone is the primary of several endogenous members of the class of mineralocorticoids in humans. [citation needed] Deoxycorticosterone is another important member of this class. Aldosterone tends to promote Na + and water retention, and lower plasma K + concentration by the following mechanisms:
The other solid arrows either indicate a secretion from an organ (blue, with a starting spot) or a reaction (black). These 2 processes can be stimulated or inhibited by other factors. This work is based on File:Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.png , which was created by User:A._Rad~commonswiki
The outermost layer, the zona glomerulosa is the main site for the production of aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid. The synthesis and secretion of aldosterone are mainly regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. The zona glomerulosa cells express a specific enzyme aldosterone synthase (also known as CYP11B2).
5-DHT or DHT is a male reproductive hormone that targets the prostate gland, bulbourethral gland, seminal vesicles, penis and scrotum and promotes growth/mitosis/cell maturation and differentiation. Testosterone is converted to 5-DHT by 5alpha-reductase, usually with in the target tissues of 5-DHT because of the need for high concentrations of ...
In humans and other animals, the adrenocortical hormones are hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, the outer region of the adrenal gland.These polycyclic steroid hormones have a variety of roles that are crucial for the body's response to stress (for example, the fight-or-flight response), and they also regulate other functions in the body.
The innermost layer of the cortex, the zona reticularis, produces androgens that are converted to fully functional sex hormones in the gonads and other target organs. [4] The production of steroid hormones is called steroidogenesis, and involves a number of reactions and processes that take place in cortical cells. [5]
Aldosterone and cortisol (a glucosteroid) have similar affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor; however, glucocorticoids circulate at roughly 100 times the level of mineralocorticoids. An enzyme exists in mineralocorticoid target tissues to prevent overstimulation by glucocorticoids.
The enzyme aldosterone synthase (also known as CYP11B2) acts in this location [3] [4] The expression of neuron-specific proteins in the zona glomerulosa cells of human adrenocortical tissues has been predicted and reported by several authors [5] [6] [7] and it was suggested that the expression of proteins like the neuronal cell adhesion ...