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Xanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria is a bacterium that causes bacterial leaf spot (BLS) on peppers and tomatoes. It is a gram-negative and rod-shaped. [1] It causes symptoms throughout the above-ground portion of the plant including leaf spots, fruit spots and stem cankers.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani is a gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacterium that like many other Xanthomonas spp. bacteria has been found associated with plants. This organism is closely related with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, but causes a non-vascular leaf spot disease that is clearly distinct from black rot of brassicas.
Angular Leaf Spot is currently an issue in strawberry nursery production, leading to problems in transporting strawberry plants throughout the U.S and over to Europe. [5] Xanthomonas fragariae is not only an issue transporting young plants, but infected fruits can lead to a symptom known as “black cap” that can reduce the quality and ...
Xanthomonas pv. raphani has been found to enter the plant through its stomata to cause infection of the tissue, or rather parenchyma. This results in bacterial spot on a wider range of hosts, which includes both crucifers and certain solanaceous plants. [1] [8] [9]
Under humid conditions, bacteria present in guttation droplets can be spread by wind, rain, water splashes, and mechanical equipment to neighboring plants. [1] [6] The natural route of invasion by Xcc is through the hydathodes, though leaf wounds caused by insects and plant roots may also be portals of entry. [1]
Xanthomonas are Gram-negative bacteria that can infect a wide variety of plant species including pepper/capsicum, rice, citrus, cotton, tomato, and soybeans. [7] Some types of Xanthomonas cause localized leaf spot or leaf streak while others spread systemically and cause black rot or leaf blight disease.
Xanthomonas (from greek: xanthos – "yellow"; monas – "entity") is a genus of bacteria, many of which cause plant diseases. [1] There are at least 27 plant associated Xanthomonas spp., that all together infect at least 400 plant species. Different species typically have specific host and/or tissue range and colonization strategies.
Symptoms include small yellow or dark leaf lesions around the hydathodes, V -shaped leaf lesions, wilt, distortion of plants and early senescence. Initially the symptoms were attributed to Xanthomonas campestris due to the similarity of symptoms with black rot of brassicas. [1]