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Introduction to the ablative case from a 1903 Latin textbook. In grammar, the ablative case (pronounced / ˈ æ b l ə t ɪ v / AB-lə-tiv; sometimes abbreviated abl) is a grammatical case for nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in the grammars of various languages. It is used to indicate motion away from something, make comparisons, and serve ...
^† This case is called lokál in Czech and Slovak, miejscownik in Polish, місцевий (miscevý) in Ukrainian and месны (miesny) in Belarusian; these names imply that this case also covers locative case. ^‡ The prepositional case in Scottish Gaelic is classically referred to as a dative case. Vocative case
The oblique case is used exclusively with these 8 case-marking postpositions of Hindi-Urdu forming 10 grammatical cases, which are: ergative ने (ne), dative and accusative को (ko), instrumental and ablative से (se), genitive का (kā), inessive में (mẽ), adessive पे (pe), terminative तक (tak), semblative सा ...
*the German dative -e is not used in most common conversation; it is only used here for a better demonstration. ein = a, nominative case masculine/neuter → einem = a, dative case masculine/neuter (der) Stift = (the) pencil, masculine, nominative (dem) Stifte = (the) pencil, masculine, dative
The locative case had merged into the dative case, and the ablative may have merged with either the genitive, dative or instrumental cases. However, sparse remnants of the earlier locative and ablative cases are visible in a few pronominal and adverbial forms, and in some instances the case forms of certain noun classes use the older locative ...
Genitive case indicates possession and can be translated with 'of'. Dative case marks the indirect object and can be translated with 'to' or 'for'. Accusative case marks the direct object. Ablative case is used to modify verbs and can be translated as 'by', 'with', 'from', etc. Vocative case is used to address a person or thing.
Unlike German the difference between these two examples is expressed through the case-endings on the nouns (horto [ABL]/hortum [ACC]). It is much easier to distinguish between the two examples in Latin because the ablative endings are always different from the accusative endings.
In Irish nouns, the nominative and accusative have fallen together, while the dative case has remained separate in some paradigms; Irish also has a genitive and vocative case. In Punjabi, the accusative, genitive, and dative have merged to an oblique case, but the language still retains vocative, locative, and ablative cases.