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Music of Changes is a piece for solo piano by John Cage.Composed in 1951 for pianist and friend David Tudor, it is a ground-breaking piece of indeterminate music.The process of composition involved applying decisions made using the I Ching, a Chinese classic text that is commonly used as a divination system.
Sarabhai agreed and through her Cage became acquainted with Indian music and philosophy. The purpose of music, according to Sarabhai's teacher in India, was "to sober and quiet the mind, thus rendering it susceptible to divine influences", [8] [10] and this definition became one of the cornerstones of Cage's view on music and art in general.
Water Music for pianist using various objects (Spring 1952) For M.C. and D.T., for piano (1952, before August) Music for Carillon No. 1, for carillon (July 10, 1952; 2- and 3-octave transcriptions made in 1958 and 1961, respectively) 4′33″ for any instrument or combination of instruments (August 1952) Music for Piano 1, for piano (December ...
Each contains music written on two staves, but the content of one staff can be played in any relation with that of the other staff. One 2: 1–4 pianos Summer 1989 Margaret Leng Tan: The pianist moves between several pianos (in 1992 Cage advised Margaret Leng Tan to use the I Ching to coordinate her movements). All instruments have their damper ...
The earliest significant use of music indeterminacy features is found in many of the compositions of American composer Charles Ives in the early 20th century. Henry Cowell adopted Ives's ideas during the 1930s, in such works as the Mosaic Quartet (String Quartet No. 3, 1934), which allows the players to arrange the fragments of music in a number of different possible sequences.
It was Cage's first work written on request from professional performers. [35] There are two movements, each divided into several smaller sections (four in the first movement, three in the second). The music makes much use of scales and arpeggios and features much virtuosic writing.
The use of found objects in modern classical music is often connected to experiments in indeterminacy and aleatoric music by such composers as John Cage and Karlheinz Stockhausen. However, it has reached its ascendancy in those areas of popular music as well, such as the ambient works of Brian Eno. In Eno's influential work, found objects are ...
It is the first entry in the series that does not make any references to music, musical instruments or sounds. The score consists of two sheets of transparent plastic, one blank, the other marked with 42 identical circles. Cage instructs the performers to cut the sheet with circles so that they end up with 42 small sheets, a full circle on each.