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  2. Water clarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_clarity

    Darker colored water can be seen in the right half of this experiment in a lake, with the giant Secchi disk appearing more brown in color due to higher dissolved organic matter concentrations. Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorbs light, making the water appear darker or tea-colored. Absorption by CDOM is one measure of water clarity.

  3. Buoyancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy

    An object whose weight exceeds its buoyancy tends to sink. Calculation of the upwards force on a submerged object during its accelerating period cannot be done by the Archimedes principle alone; it is necessary to consider dynamics of an object involving buoyancy. Once it fully sinks to the floor of the fluid or rises to the surface and settles ...

  4. Water tunnel (hydrodynamic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_tunnel_(hydrodynamic)

    A water tunnel is an experimental facility used for testing the hydrodynamic behavior of submerged bodies in flowing water. It functions similar to a recirculating wind tunnel , but uses water as the working fluid, and related phenomena are investigated, such as measuring the forces on scale models of submarines or lift and drag on hydrofoils .

  5. Archimedes' principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principle

    An object whose weight exceeds its buoyancy tends to sink. Calculation of the upwards force on a submerged object during its accelerating period cannot be done by the Archimedes principle alone; it is necessary to consider dynamics of an object involving buoyancy. Once it fully sinks to the floor of the fluid or rises to the surface and settles ...

  6. Submerged specific gravity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submerged_specific_gravity

    Submerged specific gravity is a dimensionless measure of an object's buoyancy when immersed in a fluid.It can be expressed in terms of the equation = where stands for "submerged specific gravity", is the density of the object, and is the density of the fluid.

  7. Ocean optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_optics

    K d is the diffuse (or downwelling) coefficient of light attenuation (K d), also called simply light attenuation, the vertical extinction coefficient, or the extinction coefficient. [10] K d describes the rate of decrease of light with depth in water, in units of per meter (m −1). The “d” stands for downwelling light, which is light ...

  8. Diving physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving_physics

    Diving physics, or the physics of underwater diving, is the basic aspects of physics which describe the effects of the underwater environment on the underwater diver and their equipment, and the effects of blending, compressing, and storing breathing gas mixtures, and supplying them for use at ambient pressure.

  9. Underwater vision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_vision

    Underwater vision is the ability to see objects underwater, and this is significantly affected by several factors. Underwater, objects are less visible because of lower levels of natural illumination caused by rapid attenuation of light with distance passed through the water. They are also blurred by scattering of light between the object and ...