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  2. Functional group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_group

    A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds. For repeating units of polymers, functional groups attach to their nonpolar core of carbon atoms and ...

  3. Functionality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functionality_(Chemistry)

    In chemistry, functionality is the presence of functional groups in a molecule. A monofunctional molecule possesses one functional group, a bifunctional (or difunctional) two, a trifunctional three, and so forth. In organic chemistry (and other fields of chemistry), a molecule's functionality has a decisive influence on its reactivity.

  4. Disulfide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disulfide

    In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−SS−R′ functional group or the S 2− 2 anion.The linkage is also called an SS-bond or sometimes a disulfide bridge and usually derived from two thiol groups.

  5. Substituent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substituent

    In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule. [1] ( In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the terms substituent and functional group, as well as side chain and pendant group, are used almost interchangeably to describe those branches from the parent structure, [2] though certain ...

  6. Aldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldehyde

    Aldehyde structure. In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ ˈ æ l d ɪ h aɪ d /) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. [1] The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group.

  7. Sterol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterol

    28 O, whose molecule is derived from that of gonane by replacement of a hydrogen atom on C3 position by a hydroxyl group. It is therefore an alcohol of gonane. More generally, any compounds that contain the gonane structure, additional functional groups, and/or modified ring systems derived from gonane are called steroids. Therefore, sterols ...

  8. Moiety (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moiety_(chemistry)

    It also contains an ester functional group (in red), and an acetyl functional group (encircled with dark green). Other divisions can be made. In organic chemistry, a moiety (/ ˈ m ɔɪ ə t i / MOY-ə-tee) is a part of a molecule [1] [2] that is given a name because it is identified as a part of other molecules as well.

  9. UNIFAC - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIFAC

    UNIFAC uses the functional groups present on the molecules that make up the liquid mixture to calculate activity coefficients. By using interactions for each of the functional groups present on the molecules, as well as some binary interaction coefficients, the activity of each of the solutions can be calculated.