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The Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) 2014/68/EU (formerly 97/23/EC) [1] of the EU sets out the standards for the design and fabrication of pressure equipment ("pressure equipment" means steam boilers, pressure vessels, piping, safety valves and other components and assemblies subject to pressure loading) generally over one liter in volume and having a maximum pressure more than 0.5 bar gauge.
It also includes material supplements containing requirements for vessels made from aluminium, copper, nickel, titanium and duplex. PD 5500 is the UK’s national pressure vessels code, although the code is used outside the UK. A new edition of PD5500 is published every three years. An amendment is usually published every year in September. [1]
A typical pressure vessel is not defined until there is at least one atmosphere (14.7 psig) of contained gas pressure. Less than that is typically a storage tank, even if there is some overpressure added by design. The rules for PVHO are invoked at 2 psig (13.8 kPa), per Section 1-2.1 "Application" of the ASME PVHO-1 code. [2]
EN 13445 was introduced in 2002 as a replacement for national pressure vessel design and construction codes and standards in the European Union and is harmonized [1] with the Pressure Equipment Directive (2014/68/EU or "PED"). New updated versions of all parts were published between 2009 and 2012.
The ASME definition of a pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure. [2]The Australian and New Zealand standard "AS/NZS 1200:2000 Pressure equipment" defines a pressure vessel as a vessel subject to internal or external pressure, including connected components and accessories up to the connection to external ...
BS 4994:1987 – Specification for design and construction of vessels and tanks in reinforced plastics. British Standards. 1987-06-30. ISBN 0-580-15075-5. "Pressure Vessel Design Case Study". ESR Technology. Archived from the original on 2007-05-12. — a case study of the design process of a cylindrical vessel, using the BS 4994 methodology
EN 286: Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen Part 3: Steel pressure vessels designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock; Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock
BS EN 13121-3 is European Standard adopted by UK, titled "GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground. Design and workmanship". [1] Design and workmanship is the final part within a four parts standard series which specifies the necessary requirements for design, fabrication, inspection and testing by manufacturers and specifiers within the area of chemical storage.
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