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The Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) is used to determine prognosis following surgery for breast cancer. [1] [2] Its value is calculated using three pathological criteria: the size of the tumour; the number of involved lymph nodes; and the grade of the tumour. [1] It is calculated to select patients for adjuvant treatment.
Lead time bias happens when survival time appears longer because diagnosis was done earlier (for instance, by screening), irrespective of whether the patient lived longer. Lead time is the duration of time between the detection of a disease (by screening or based on new experimental criteria) and its usual clinical presentation and diagnosis ...
For example, differences in the 1998 and 2003 categories resulted in many cancers being assigned differently, with apparent improvement in survival rates. [ 38 ] As a practical matter, reports often use the staging edition that was in place when the study began, rather than the date of acceptance or publication.
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Mitotic rate - Rate of cell division; The histologic appearance of cancer cells can be scored on these three parameters on a scale from one to three. The sum of these grades is a number between 3 and 9. The score is called a Bloom Richardson Grade (BR) and is expressed [sum of the grades]/9. For example, cells that were graded 2 on all three ...
The Richard A. Lerner Stock Index From January 2008 to May 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Richard A. Lerner joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a 18.0 percent return on your investment, compared to a -10.2 percent return from the S&P 500.
Five-year relative survival rates describe the percentage of patients with a disease alive five years after the disease is diagnosed, divided by the percentage of the general population of corresponding sex and age alive after five years. Typically, cancer five-year relative survival rates are well below 100%, reflecting excess mortality among ...
Here’s a survival if there ever was one. The Bulldogs trailed 17-0, 20-6 and 27-13 before storming back to tie the game at 27 and sending it into a never-ending overtime.