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It was there that Grubbe assembled the first x-ray machine in Chicago in 1896, and that same year, used it to treat a woman with recurrent carcinoma of the breast (disputed). [5] He assembled the machine and began to use it in treatments less than a year after Wilhelm Röntgen announced his discovery of the x-ray. [ 6 ]
Unprotected experiments in the U.S. in 1896 with an early X-ray tube (Crookes tube), when the dangers of radiation were largely unknown.[1]The history of radiation protection begins at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries with the realization that ionizing radiation from natural and artificial sources can have harmful effects on living organisms.
X-ray experiments in pulmonary tuberculosis proved useless. Aside from the medical profession losing faith in the ability of x-ray therapy, the public increasingly viewed it as a dangerous type of treatment. This resulted in a period of pessimism about the use of x-rays, which lasted from about 1905 to 1910 or 1912. [21]
On 11 January 1896 he made the first use of X-rays under clinical conditions when he radiographed the hand of an associate, revealing a sterilised needle beneath the surface. [4] A month later on 14 February he took the first radiograph to direct a surgical operation. He also took the first X-ray of the human spine.
Macintyre's X-Ray Film is an 1896 documentary radiography film directed by Scottish medical doctor John Macintyre. The film shows X-ray images of a frog's knee joint and an X-ray radiograph of an adult's heart and digestive tract (using bismuth as contrast). Each image was captured in 1/300th of a second.
Wolfram Conrad Fuchs (1865–1908) was a German-born electrical engineer who became a pioneer in radiography.He opened the first x-ray laboratory in the United States in Chicago, and had completed over 1400 x-ray examinations by 1896.
1896 – French Dr. Victor Despeignes, "the father of radiation therapy", starts to use X-rays to treat cancer [8] 1896 – American Dr. Emil Grubbe starts to treat breast cancer patients with X-rays [4] 1896 Sir George Thomas Beatson invented hormonal treatment of breast cancer by bilateral ovary removal in women with inoperable breast cancer.
Pirie worked at the Dundee Royal Infirmary from 1896 to 1925, and was an early pioneer in the application of X-rays to clinical medicine. [4] He began experimenting with radiology , radiography , and X-rays in 1896, soon after the Wilhelm Röntgen had first demonstrated X-rays and their potential in Germany. [ 5 ]