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The translocon (also known as a translocator or translocation channel) is a complex of proteins associated with the translocation of polypeptides across membranes. [1] In eukaryotes the term translocon most commonly refers to the complex that transports nascent polypeptides with a targeting signal sequence into the interior (cisternal or lumenal) space of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from ...
Translocator protein (TSPO) is an 18 kDa protein mainly found on the outer mitochondrial membrane. [5] It was first described as peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ( PBR ), a secondary binding site for diazepam , but subsequent research has found the receptor to be expressed throughout the body and brain. [ 6 ]
The ARNT gene encodes the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator protein that forms a complex with ligand-bound aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and is required for receptor function. The encoded protein has also been identified as the beta subunit of a heterodimeric transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1).
Translocation may refer to: . Chromosomal translocation, a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts . Robertsonian translocation, a chromosomal rearrangement in pairs 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22
Translocase is a general term for a protein that assists in moving another molecule, usually across a cell membrane. These enzymes catalyze the movement of ions or molecules across membranes or their separation within membranes.
Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destinations within or outside the cell. [1] [2] [note 1] Proteins can be targeted to the inner space of an organelle, different intracellular membranes, the plasma membrane, or to the exterior of the cell via secretion.
Oxygen-breathing species express the highly conserved transcriptional complex HIF-1, which is a heterodimer composed of an alpha and a beta subunit, the latter being a constitutively-expressed aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT).
A protonophore, also known as a proton translocator, is an ionophore that moves protons across lipid bilayers or other type of membranes. This would otherwise not occur as protons cations (H +) have positive charge and hydrophilic properties, making them unable to cross without a channel or transporter in the form of a protonophore.