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Doke's nasal-click letters were based on the letter n , continuing the pattern of the pulmonic nasal consonants m ɱ n ɲ ɳ ŋ ɴ . For example, the letters for the palatal and retroflex clicks are ŋ ɲ with a curl on their free leg: . The voiced-click letters are more individuated, a couple were simply inverted versions of the tenuis-click ...
The anterior articulation defines the click type and is written with the IPA letter for the click (dental ǀ , alveolar ǃ , etc.), whereas the traditional term 'accompaniment' conflates the categories of manner (nasal, affricated), phonation (voiced, aspirated, breathy voiced, glottalised), as well as any change in the airstream with the ...
Either letter, whether baseline or superscript, is usually placed before the click letter, but may come after when the release of the velar or uvular occlusion is audible. A third convention is the click letter with diacritics for voicelessness, voicing and nasalization; it does not distinguish velar from uvular alveolar clicks.
English does not have a labial click (or any click consonant, for that matter) as a phoneme, but a plain bilabial click does occur in mimesis, as a lip-smacking sound children use to imitate a fish. Labial clicks only occur in the Tuu and Kx'a families of southern Africa, and in the Australian ritual language Damin .
Either letter, whether baseline or superscript, is usually placed before the click letter, but may come after when the release of the velar or uvular occlusion is audible. A third convention is the click letter with diacritics for voicelessness, voicing and nasalization; it does not distinguish velar from uvular palatal clicks:
For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are q͡ǃ, q͜ǃ, qǃ, 𐞥ǃ and q͡ʗ, q͜ʗ, qʗ, 𐞥ʗ . Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. ǃk or ǃᵏ ; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases. [2]
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The voiced retroflex click is a rare click consonant. In practical orthography, an ad hoc symbol ‼ is used for the retroflex clicks ; a voiced click with a velar rear articulation is ɡ͡‼ or ɡ͜‼ , commonly abbreviated to ɡ‼ , ᶢ‼ or ‼̬ .