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The mixture of cannabinoids produced by a plant is known as the plant's cannabinoid profile. Selective breeding has been used to control the genetics of plants and modify the cannabinoid profile. For example, strains that are used as fiber (commonly called hemp ) are bred such that they are low in psychoactive chemicals like THC.
Cannabinoids (/ k ə ˈ n æ b ə n ɔɪ d z ˌ ˈ k æ n ə b ə n ɔɪ d z /) are compounds found in the cannabis plant or synthetic compounds that can interact with the endocannabinoid system. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (Delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis .
In 2006, it was discovered that H4CBD has a binding affinity of 145 nM at the CB1 receptor and potential anti-inflammatory effects independent of its cannabinoid receptor action. [2] In contrast, CBD has been found to bind to the CB1 receptor as an inverse agonist/antagonist with a K i ranging from 3.3 to 4.8 mM. [3] [4]
The production of the cannabinoids THC and CBD are a result of a series of chemical reactions, and are just two types of over a hundred that are known. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Inside the transcriptomes of glandular trichomes in the cannabis plant, the pathway for cannabinoid production takes place. [ 9 ]
The Δ 8 isomer is known as a synthetic cannabinoid under the code name JWH-130, [7] and the ring-opened analogue cannibidibutol (CBDB) is also known. [8] THC-Butyl can be synthesized from 4-butylresorcinol. [citation needed] Cannabidibutol (CBDB), 60113-11-3
CBN was the first cannabinoid to be isolated from cannabis extract in the late 1800s. Specifically, it was discovered by Barlow Wood, Newton Spivey, and Easterfield in 1896. [ 21 ] In the early 1930s, CBN's structure was identified by Cahn , [ 22 ] [ 23 ] marking the first development of a cannabis extract .
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Cannabinodiol (CBND), also known as cannabidinodiol, [1] cannabinoid that is present in the plant Cannabis sativa at low concentrations. [2] It is the fully aromatized derivative of cannabidiol (CBD) and can occur as a product of the photochemical conversion of cannabinol (CBN).