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In political science, parallel voting or superposition refers to the use of two or more electoral systems to elect different members of a legislature. More precisely, an electoral system is a superposition if it is a mixture of at least two tiers, which do not interact with each other in any way; one part of a legislature is elected using one method, while another part is elected using a ...
Parallel voting is a mixed non-compensatory system with two tiers of representatives: a tier of single-member district representatives elected by a plurality/majoritarian method such as FPTP/SMP, and a tier of regional or at-large representatives elected by a separate proportional method such as party list PR.
An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
Starting with the 2018 election, both houses of the Italian parliament are elected using a system similar to parallel voting. 62.5% of the seats are assigned proportionally to party lists; party lists are also linked in coalitions supporting constituency candidates running for the remaining 37.5% of the available seats, who are elected by means ...
Large parties can win very large majorities, disproportionate to their percentage vote, especially when vote linkage is employed in a supermixed system combined with parallel voting (such as in Hungary and Italy). In Hungary for example, in last 3 elections have resulted in a 2/3 supermajority of seats for the most popular list from at low as ...
Although less common, split-ticket voting can potentially be used as a form of tactical voting. One possible example of this is a voter who prefers candidate A but does not believe that candidate A can win the election, so the voter votes for candidate B (who may be of a different political party from candidate A) because candidate B is better ...
Parallel voting: First-past-the-post (73 seats) Party-list proportional representation (34 seats) Single non-transferable vote (6 seats) Tanzania: President: Head of State and Government Two-round system: National Assembly: Unicameral legislature Parallel voting: First-past-the-post (264 seats) Party-list proportional representation (113 seats)
Scorporo (Italian: [ˈskɔrporo], lit. ' parceling out ') is a partially compensatory, mixed-member majoritarian electoral system, sometimes referred to as a negative vote transfer system [1] (NVT) whereby a portion of members are elected in single-member districts (SMDs) and a portion are elected from a list.