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In political science, parallel voting or superposition refers to the use of two or more electoral systems to elect different members of a legislature. More precisely, an electoral system is a superposition if it is a mixture of at least two tiers, which do not interact with each other in any way; one part of a legislature is elected using one method, while another part is elected using a ...
An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
Hungary's National Assembly uses a system where the parallel voting component shares a pool of seats (93) with the compensatory vote transfer system and with the minority list seats with a reduced entry threshold. This means, the number of seats effectively assigned proportionally based on the parallel party list votes is unknown/unknowable ...
Some uncommon, supermixed [10] systems use of MSV may add or subtract the discounted list results to establish a vote linkage based element of compensation into system that would otherwise be categorised as parallel voting. Either type of system is misleadingly known in Hungarian as a "fractional vote recounting system" (Hungarian ...
Parallel voting: First-past-the-post (73 seats) Party-list proportional representation (34 seats) Single non-transferable vote (6 seats) Tanzania: President: Head of State and Government Two-round system: National Assembly: Unicameral legislature Parallel voting: First-past-the-post (264 seats) Party-list proportional representation (113 seats)
The following hypothetical example based on the one by Massicotte [10] illustrates how "top-up" PR seats are typically allocated in a compensatory system and in a non-compensatory system. The example assumes a 200-seat legislative assembly where 100 seats are filled using FPTP and the other 100 seats are awarded to parties using a form of PR.
Scorporo (Italian: [ˈskɔrporo], lit. ' parceling out ') is a partially compensatory, mixed-member majoritarian electoral system, sometimes referred to as a negative vote transfer system [1] (NVT) whereby a portion of members are elected in single-member districts (SMDs) and a portion are elected from a list.
Double simultaneous vote (DSV) is an electoral system in which multiple offices – such as the president and members of a legislature – are elected through a single vote cast for a party.