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A fire lance as depicted in the Huolongjing, late 14th century (c. 1360-1375).. The fire lance (simplified Chinese: 火枪; traditional Chinese: 火槍; pinyin: huǒqiāng; lit. 'fire spear') was a gunpowder weapon used by lighting it on fire, and is the ancestor of modern firearms. [1]
The fire lance or fire tube—a combination of a firearm and flamethrower [36] —had been adapted and changed into several different forms by the time Jiao Yu edited the Huolongjing. [37] The earliest depiction of a fire lance is dated c. 950, a Chinese painting on a silk banner found at the Buddhist site of Dunhuang. [38]
The earliest known depiction of a gunpowder weapon is the illustration of a fire lance on a mid-10th century silk banner from Dunhuang. [2] The fire lance was a tube, made of paper and bamboo, [3] filled with black-powder and attached to the end of a spear, which was used as a flamethrower.
In 1259 a type of "fire-emitting lance" (tuhuoqiang 突火槍) made an appearance and according to the History of Song: "It is made from a large bamboo tube, and inside is stuffed a pellet wad (子窠). Once the fire goes off it completely spews the rear pellet wad forth, and the sound is like a bomb that can be heard for five hundred or more ...
Fire arrow, rocket arrow (Chinese) Fire lance, Huo Qiang lance hand cannon (Chinese) Grose Bochse bombard (German) Hand cannon (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese) Hand mortar (European) Heilongjiang hand cannon (Chinese) Hu Dun Pao cannon (Chinese) Huo Che rocket arrow launcher (Chinese) Huo Chong hand cannon (Chinese) Hwacha rocket arrow ...
A 'fire dragon rising out of the water' (huo long chu shui) multistage rocket from the Huolongjing. Huolongchushui (simplified Chinese: 火龙出水; traditional Chinese: 火龍出水; pinyin: huǒlóngchūshuǐ [1]; lit. 'fire dragon out of water') were the earliest form of multistage rockets used in post-classical China. The name of the ...
By the 1270s, Song cavalrymen were using fire lances as mounted weapons as evidenced by the account of a Song-Yuan battle in which two fire lance armed Song cavalrymen rushed a Chinese officer of Bayan of the Baarin. [22]
The hand cannon (simplified Chinese: 火铳; traditional Chinese: 火銃; pinyin: huǒchòng or 手铳; 手銃; shǒuchòng), also known as the gonne or handgonne, is the first true firearm and the successor of the fire lance. [1] It is the oldest type of small arms, as well as the most mechanically simple form of metal barrel firearms.