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Telomeres at the end of a chromosome. The relationship between telomeres and longevity and changing the length of telomeres is one of the new fields of research on increasing human lifespan and even human immortality. [1] [2] Telomeres are sequences at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division and determine the lifespan of ...
Later the cryo-EM structure of telomerase was first reported in T. thermophila, to be followed a few years later by the cryo-EM structure of telomerase in humans. [8] The role of telomeres and telomerase in cell aging and cancer was established by scientists at biotechnology company Geron with the cloning of the RNA and catalytic components of ...
Two concerns with applying telomerase inhibitors in cancer treatment are that effective treatment requires continuous, long-term drug application and that off-target effects are common. [30] For example, the telomerase inhibitor imetelstat, first proposed in 2003, [31] [32] has been held up in clinical trials due to hematological toxicity. [30]
Human chromosomes (grey) capped by telomeres (white). A telomere (/ ˈ t ɛ l ə m ɪər, ˈ t iː l ə-/; from Ancient Greek τέλος (télos) 'end' and μέρος (méros) 'part') is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences associated with specialized proteins at the ends of linear chromosomes (see Sequences).
An enzyme called telomerase elongates telomeres in gametes and stem cells. [12] Telomerase deficiency in humans has been linked to several aging-related diseases related to loss of regenerative capacity of tissues. [13] It has also been shown that premature aging in telomerase-deficient mice is reverted when telomerase is reactivated. [14]
Alexey Matveyevich Olovnikov (Russian: Алексей Матвеевич Оловников; 10 October 1936 – 6 December 2022) was a Russian biologist.Among other things, in 1971, he was the first to recognize the problem of telomere shortening, to predict the existence of telomerase, and to suggest the telomere hypothesis of aging and the relationship of telomeres to cancer.
Telomerase is the ribonucleoprotein responsible for adding species-dependent tandem repeat sequences (TTAGGG in humans) to the ends of telomeres. These telomeric repeats function to protect the ends of the chromosome from DNA damage or end-to-end fusion with adjacent chromosomes.
In 1998, Andrews founded Yonder Technologies, that later became Sierra Sciences in 1999 in Reno, Nevada, with the specific goal of curing human aging. Andrews assembled a team to search for a small molecule(s) that would bind to the telomerase repressor(s), causing the body to constitutively express telomerase in the presence of that molecule(s ...