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Jewish slave owners were found mostly in business or domestic settings, rather than on plantations, so most of the slave ownership was in an urban context—running a business or as domestic servants. [159] [160] Jewish slave owners freed their black slaves at about the same rate as non-Jewish slave owners. [13]
Jews in the South were influenced by many aspects of Southern culture, including food and cuisine. Some early immigrants chose to follow strict kashrut dietary laws while others did not. Regardless, over time many Jewish families adapted their diets to the further assimilate to the Southern culture around them. [14]
A slave-owner himself, he dissented in several important freedom suits. [316] [317] Augustine Washington (1694–1743), father of George Washington. At the time of his death he owned 64 people. [318] George Washington (1732–1799), 1st President of the United States, who owned as many as 300 people. [319]
Jewish slave owners were mostly found in business or domestic settings, rather than plantations, so most of the slave ownership was in an urban context — running a business or working as domestic servants. [191] [192] Jewish slave owners freed their Black slaves at about the same rate as non-Jewish slave owners. [190]
However, there were not many Jews in the South, and Jews accounted for only 1.25% of all Southern slave owners. [47] In 1861, Raphall published his views in a treatise called "The Bible View of Slavery". [ 48 ]
Phillips addressed the unprofitability of slave labor and slavery's ill effects on the Southern economy. An example of pioneering comparative work was A Jamaica Slave Plantation (1914). [ 10 ] [ non-primary source needed ] His methods inspired the "Phillips school" of slavery studies, between 1900 and 1950.
Jewish Americans are understandably ill at ease" with this fact. According to Rosen's analysis, his evidence proves that few Jews owned slaves and that a sense of duty to the place one lived and defending one's home and to counter anti-Semitic stereotypes played large roles in their support for the Confederacy. [11] "Many Jewish historians ...
Everyone was a newcomer, and the Jews were generally accepted with few signs of discrimination, according to Eisenberg, Kahn, and Toll (2009). Though many Jewish immigrants to the West found success as merchants, others worked as bankers, miners, freighters, ranchers, and farmers. [42]