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11-Eicosenoic acid, also called gondoic acid, is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid found in a variety of plant oils and nuts; in particular jojoba oil. [2] It is one of a number of eicosenoic acids .
Eicosenoic acid has 20 carbons, is found in a wide variety of plant oils, and is a cis-11-mono-unsaturated fatty acid. C 19 H 37 CO 2 H, IUPAC organization name ( Z )-icos-11-enoic acid, numerical representation 20:1 (11), n-9, molecular weight 310.51.
The fatty acid content of Jojoba oil can vary significantly depending on the soil and climate in which the plant is grown, as well as when it is harvested and how the oil is processed. In general, it contains a high proportion of mono-unsaturated fatty acids, primarily 11-Eicosenoic acid (gondoic acid).
In chemical structure, EPA is a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end. EPA is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that acts as a precursor for prostaglandin-3 (which inhibits platelet aggregation ), thromboxane-3 , and leukotriene-5 eicosanoids .
Erucic acid (22:1, n−9), which is found in rapeseed, wallflower seed, and mustard seed. Rapeseed with high erucic acid content is grown for commercial use in paintings and coatings as a drying oil. Canola oil comes from a cultivar of the rapeseed plant that has been bred, or in some cases genetically modified, to contain very little erucic acid.
Eicosenoic acid may refer to one of three closely related chemical compounds: 9-Eicosenoic acid (gadoleic acid), an omega-11 fatty acid (20:1ω11) 11-Eicosenoic acid (gondoic acid), an omega-9 fatty acid (20:1ω9)
Eicosadienoic acid: 20:2 (n-6) all-cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) 20:3 (n-6) all-cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid Arachidonic acid (AA) 20:4 (n-6) all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid Docosadienoic acid: 22:2 (n-6) all-cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid Adrenic acid (AdA) 22:4 (n-6) all-cis-7,10,13,16 ...
It is formed by a desaturation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3 ω-6). all-cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid is an ω-3 fatty acid. It is an intermediate between stearidonic acid (18:4 ω-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 ω-3) Some chemistry sources define 'arachadonic acid' to designate any of the eicosatetraenoic acids.