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Depiction of Istanbul, then known in English as Constantinople, from Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte Mary Yonge. Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 6th millennium BCE. [1]
Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara. [247] The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign ...
Map of Constantinople (1422) by Florentine cartographer Cristoforo Buondelmonti [44] is the oldest surviving map of the city, and the only one that predates the Turkish conquest of the city in 1453. The current Hagia Sophia was commissioned by Emperor Justinian I after the previous one was destroyed in the Nika riots of 532. It was converted ...
Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts established. 1974 10 September: Haliç Bridge opened. Derimod company founded. 1975 30 January: Turkish Airlines Flight 345 crash. Çukurova (construction firm) established. Istanbul Technical University Turkish Music State Conservatory founded. 1976 Muhammad Maarifi Mosque built. Çamlıca TRT ...
Air pollution in Turkey, such as fine dust from traffic, is a serious problem in Istanbul. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although the historic peninsula was partially pedestrianised in the early 21st century, [ 3 ] a 2015 study found that this is the part of the city which would benefit most from a low emission zone . [ 4 ]
Map of Istanbul's Historic Peninsula (lower left), showing the location of the Golden Horn and Sarayburnu (Seraglio Point) in relation to Bosphorus strait, as well as historically significant sites (black), and various notable neighborhoods An aerial view of Galata (foreground), the Historic Peninsula (background), and the new Galata Bridge, which straddles the Golden Horn and, connects its ...
CITY GUIDES: The centre of Turkish history, cutting-edge art and affordable and authentic cuisine, Istanbul is rich with mini-neighbourhoods to explore. Vicky Smith gives a steer on where to start
It was a commercial, cultural, and diplomatic centre and for centuries formed the capital of the Byzantine Empire, which decorated the city with numerous monuments, some still standing today. With its strategic position, Constantinople controlled the major trade routes between Asia and Europe, as well as the passage from the Mediterranean Sea ...