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Avian influenza, also known as avian flu or bird flu, is a disease caused by the influenza A virus, which primarily affects birds but can sometimes affect mammals including humans. [1] Wild aquatic birds are the primary host of the influenza A virus, which is enzootic (continually present) in many bird populations.
In May 2024, Penn Medicine announced it had created a human avian flu vaccine on the same platform as its COVID-19 vaccine. The experimental mRNA vaccine utilizing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) had worked to protect lab animals from severe illness and death for at least one year prior to the announcement.
The spread of avian influenza in the eastern hemisphere. According to the United Nations FAO, wild water fowl likely plays a role in the avian influenza cycle and could be the initial source for AI viruses, which may be passed on through contact with resident water fowl or domestic poultry, particularly domestic ducks. A newly mutated virus ...
Avian coronavirus is a species of virus from the genus Gammacoronavirus that infects birds; since 2018, all gammacoronaviruses which infect birds have been classified as this single species. [3] The strain of avian coronavirus previously known as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the only coronavirus that infects chickens. [ 3 ]
In September, Egypt and Sudan joined the list of nations seeing a resurgence of bird deaths due to H5N1. [citation needed] In November and December, South Korea and Vietnam joined the list of nations seeing a resurgence of bird deaths due to H5N1; February/March 2006 - A dead cat infected with the H5N1 bird flu virus was found in Germany. [26]
From February to April 2022, avian flu outbreaks in United States have resulted in the culling of more than 22.8 million birds in 24 states. [24] Avian flu has affected England. In Norfolk, Suffolk and parts of Essex, poultry has been mandated to be kept indoors after the affected areas were placed in an Avian Influenza Prevention Zone. [25]
H5N1 influenza virus is a type of influenza A virus which mostly infects birds. H5N1 flu is a concern because its global spread may constitute a pandemic threat. The yardstick for human mortality from H5N1 is the case-fatality rate (CFR); the ratio of the number of confirmed human deaths resulting from infection of H5N1 to the number of those confirmed cases of infection with the virus.
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus, which causes the disease avian influenza (often referred to as "bird flu"). It is enzootic (maintained in the population) in many bird populations, and also panzootic (affecting animals of many species over a wide area). [1]