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COBie was developed by Bill East, of the US Army Corps of Engineers, while at the Construction Engineering Research Laboratory in 2007. [3] The project was funded with an initial grant from the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (through National Institute of Standards and Technology).
The import and export of data is the automated or semi-automated input and output of data sets between different software applications.It involves "translating" from the format used in one application into that used by another, where such translation is accomplished automatically via machine processes, such as transcoding, data transformation, and others.
CAD data exchange is a method of drawing data exchange used to translate between different computer-aided design authoring systems or between CAD and other downstream CAx systems. [ 1 ] : 157 Many companies use different CAD systems and exchange CAD data file format with suppliers, customers, and subcontractors. [ 2 ]
Due to the large size of typical building models, this format is less common in practice. IFC-ZIP is a ZIP compressed format consisting of an embedded IFC-SPF file or IFC-XML file and having file extension ".ifcZIP". IFC-Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language) is a textual semantic data format that uses RDF and is expressed in the ifcOWL ontology.
A USB-pluggable hardware true random number generator. In computing, a hardware random number generator (HRNG), true random number generator (TRNG), non-deterministic random bit generator (NRBG), [1] or physical random number generator [2] [3] is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy (in other words, the device always has access to a ...
Dice are an example of a mechanical hardware random number generator. When a cubical die is rolled, a random number from 1 to 6 is obtained. Random number generation is a process by which, often by means of a random number generator (RNG), a sequence of numbers or symbols is generated that cannot be reasonably predicted better than by random chance.
A randomness test (or test for randomness), in data evaluation, is a test used to analyze the distribution of a set of data to see whether it can be described as random (patternless). In stochastic modeling , as in some computer simulations , the hoped-for randomness of potential input data can be verified, by a formal test for randomness, to ...
Randomization is a statistical process in which a random mechanism is employed to select a sample from a population or assign subjects to different groups. [1] [2] [3] The process is crucial in ensuring the random allocation of experimental units or treatment protocols, thereby minimizing selection bias and enhancing the statistical validity. [4]