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  2. Geophysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geophysics

    Geophysics (/ ˌ dʒ iː oʊ ˈ f ɪ z ɪ k s /) is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis.

  3. Near-surface geophysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-surface_geophysics

    Near-surface geophysics is the use of geophysical methods to investigate small-scale features in the shallow (tens of meters) subsurface. [1] It is closely related to applied geophysics or exploration geophysics. Methods used include seismic refraction and reflection, gravity, magnetic, electric, and electromagnetic methods.

  4. Applied physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_physics

    Applied physics is the application of physics to solve scientific or engineering problems. It is usually considered a bridge or a connection between physics and engineering . "Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors, such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the ...

  5. Geomathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomathematics

    Geomathematics (also: mathematical geosciences, mathematical geology, mathematical geophysics) is the application of mathematical methods to solve problems in geosciences, including geology and geophysics, and particularly geodynamics and seismology.

  6. Geostatistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostatistics

    Geostatistics is a branch of statistics focusing on spatial or spatiotemporal datasets.Developed originally to predict probability distributions of ore grades for mining operations, [1] it is currently applied in diverse disciplines including petroleum geology, hydrogeology, hydrology, meteorology, oceanography, geochemistry, geometallurgy, geography, forestry, environmental control, landscape ...

  7. Spectral induced polarisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_Induced_Polarisation

    Spectral induced polarization (SIP), or complex resistivity (CR) and also complex conductivity (CC), is a geophysical survey technique and an extension of the induced polarization (IP) method, being itself an extension of measuring the Earth's resistance at a single frequency or under direct current (DC) (a technique commonly known by the name resistivity). [1]

  8. Magnetotellurics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetotellurics

    Magnetotelluric station. Magnetotellurics (MT) is an electromagnetic geophysical method for inferring the earth's subsurface electrical conductivity from measurements of natural geomagnetic and geoelectric field variation at the Earth's surface.

  9. History of geophysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_geophysics

    These experimental and mathematical analyses were applied to several areas of geophysics: Earth's shape, density, and gravity field (Pierre Bouguer, Alexis Clairaut and Henry Cavendish), Earth's magnetic field (Alexander von Humboldt, Edmund Halley and Carl Friedrich Gauss), seismology (John Milne and Robert Mallet), and the Earth's age, heat ...