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  2. Cognitive flexibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_flexibility

    Cognitive flexibility [note 1] is an intrinsic property of a cognitive system often associated with the mental ability to adjust its activity and content, switch between different task rules and corresponding behavioral responses, maintain multiple concepts simultaneously and shift internal attention between them. [1]

  3. Fluid and crystallized intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_and_crystallized...

    The Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) [13] is one of the most commonly used measures of fluid ability. It is a non-verbal multiple-choice test. It is a non-verbal multiple-choice test. Participants have to complete a series of drawings by identifying relevant features based on the spatial organization of an array of objects and choosing one ...

  4. Theory of mind - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_mind

    One of the most important milestones in theory of mind development is the ability to attribute false belief: in other words, to understand that other people can believe things which are not true. To do this, it is suggested, one must understand how knowledge is formed, that people's beliefs are based on their knowledge, that mental states can ...

  5. Surprise (emotion) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surprise_(emotion)

    The aforementioned expectations of verbal language are more closely associated to negative expectancies of surprise, but positive surprise can occur from verbal interaction as well. A positive violation of expectations that could result in a positive surprise may include a low credibility source making a persuasive argument that leads to the ...

  6. Learning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning

    Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. [1] The ability to learn is possessed by humans, non-human animals, and some machines; there is also evidence for some kind of learning in certain plants. [2]

  7. Human intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_intelligence

    Reading & writing ability (Grw): includes basic reading and writing skills. Short-term memory (Gsm): is the ability to apprehend and hold information in immediate awareness and then use it within a few seconds. Long-term storage and retrieval (Glr): is the ability to store information and fluently retrieve it later in the process of thinking.

  8. Flexibility (personality) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexibility_(personality)

    Flexibility, or psychological flexibility, as it is sometimes called, is the ability to adapt to situational demands, balance life demands, and commit to behaviors. Flexible personality should not be confused with cognitive flexibility, which is the ability to switch between two concepts, and to simultaneously think about multiple concepts ...

  9. Delayed gratification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_gratification

    One well-supported theory of self-regulation, called the Cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS), suggests that delaying gratification results from an ability to use "cool" regulatory strategies (i.e., calm, controlled and cognitive strategies) over "hot regulatory strategies (i.e., emotional, impulsive, automatic reactions), when faced with provocation. [4]