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Symptoms of conversion disorder usually occur suddenly. Conversion disorder was typically observed in people ages 10 to 35, [7] affecting between 0.011% and 0.5% of the general population. [8] Conversion disorder presented motor or sensory symptoms including: Motor symptoms or deficits: Impaired coordination or balance
In the context of a positive Hoover's sign, functional weakness (or "conversion disorder") is much more likely than malingering or factitious disorder. [3] Strong hip muscles can make the test difficult to interpret. [4] Efforts have been made to use the theory behind the sign to report a quantitative result. [5]
Classified as a "conversion disorder" by the DSM-IV, a psychogenic disease is a condition in which mental stressors cause physical symptoms matching other disorders. The manifestation of physical symptoms without biologically identifiable cause results from disruptions in normal brain function due to psychological stress.
In some cases, individuals may assume a new identity and be unable to recall personal information from before the onset of symptoms. [2] It is classified as a mental and behavioral disorder [3] and is variously categorized as a dissociative disorder, [1] a conversion disorder, [3] or a somatic symptom disorder.
Subsets of functional neurological disorders include functional neurologic symptom disorder (FNsD) (conversion disorder), functional movement disorder, and functional seizures. The diagnosis is made based on positive signs and symptoms in the history and examination during consultation of a neurologist. [3]
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) refers to the diagnosis as "Other dissociative and conversion disorders". [1] Under the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) , it is known as " Other specified dissociative disorder " ( OSDD ).
Ganser syndrome was listed under Factitious Disorder with Psychological Symptoms in the DSM-III. [13] The criteria of this category emphasized symptoms that cannot be explained by other mental disorders, psychological symptoms under the control of the individual, and the goal of assuming a patient role, not otherwise understandable given their circumstances.
The full chapter can be found on pages 177 to 213 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1. Both volumes can be downloaded for free from the website of the World Health Organization. See here for a PDF file of only the mental disorders chapter.