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Matching is a statistical technique that evaluates the effect of a treatment by comparing the treated and the non-treated units in an observational study or quasi-experiment (i.e. when the treatment is not randomly assigned).
If such a pair exists, the matching is not stable, in the sense that the members of this pair would prefer to leave the system and be matched to each other, possibly leaving other participants unmatched. A stable matching always exists, and the algorithmic problem solved by the Gale–Shapley algorithm is to find one. [3]
A paired difference test is designed for situations where there is dependence between pairs of measurements (in which case a test designed for comparing two independent samples would not be appropriate). That applies in a within-subjects study design, i.e., in a study where the same set of subjects undergo both of the conditions being compared.
Pairwise comparison generally is any process of comparing entities in pairs to judge which of each entity is preferred, or has a greater amount of some quantitative property, or whether or not the two entities are identical.
Radius matching: all matches within a particular radius are used -- and reused between treatment units. Kernel matching: same as radius matching, except control observations are weighted as a function of the distance between the treatment observation's propensity score and control match propensity score. One example is the Epanechnikov kernel.
In mathematics, economics, and computer science, the stable marriage problem (also stable matching problem) is the problem of finding a stable matching between two equally sized sets of elements given an ordering of preferences for each element. A matching is a bijection from the elements
A yoked control design is a research design used in experiments in which matched research subjects are yoked (joined together) by receiving the same stimuli or conditions. [1] In operant conditioning the yoked subject receives the same treatment in terms of reinforcement or punishment.
A matching is a set of n disjoint pairs of participants. A matching M in an instance of SRP is stable if there are no two participants x and y, each of whom prefers the other to their partner in M. Such a pair is said to block M, or to be a blocking pair with respect to M.