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The prevalence of prediabetes worldwide is expected to increase. In 2021 720 million people worldwide had prediabetes, and this is estimated to increase to 1 billion people by 2045. [7] Other sources estimate that the worldwide prevalence of prediabetes will increase to 11% by 2045. [7] In the United States, 38% of all adults have prediabetes. [7]
Prediabetes – Main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes – disease that results in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. [4] Type 2 diabetes – metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. [5]
Impaired fasting glucose is often without any signs or symptoms, other than higher than normal glucose levels being detected in an individual's fasting blood sample.There may be signs and symptoms associated with elevated blood glucose, though these are likely to be minor, with significant symptoms suggestive of complete progression to type 2 diabetes.
A level below 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) 10–16 hours without eating is normal. 5.6–6 mmol/L (100–109 mg/dL) may indicate prediabetes and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) should be offered to high-risk individuals (old people, those with high blood pressure etc.). 6.1–6.9 mmol/L (110–125 mg/dL) means OGTT should be offered even if other ...
[2] [3] There is a well-known myth about the word quiz that says that in 1791, a Dublin theatre owner named Richard Daly made a bet that he could introduce a word into the language within 24 hours. He then went out and hired a group of street children to write the word "quiz", which was a nonsense word, on walls around the city of Dublin.
[12] [13] Blood glucose values higher than the cutoff level of 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) are used to diagnose T2DM [14] and strongly associated with metabolic disturbances, [15] although symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13.9–16.7 mmol/L (~250–300 mg/dL).
The main goal of diabetes management is to keep blood glucose (BG) levels as normal as possible. [1] If diabetes is not well controlled, further challenges to health may occur. [1] People with diabetes can measure blood sugar by various methods, such as with a BG meter or a continuous glucose monitor, which monitors over several days. [2]
The blood sugar level should be below 95 mg/dL (5.3 mmol/L) on awakening, below 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) one hour after a meal and below 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L) two hours after a meal. Each time when checking the blood sugar level, keep a proper record of the results and present to the health care team for evaluation and modification of the treatment.