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  2. Probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability

    Probability is the branch of mathematics and statistics concerning events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probability, the more likely an event is to occur. [note 1] [1] [2] This number is often expressed as a percentage (%), ranging from 0% to ...

  3. Glossary of probability and statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_probability...

    Also confidence coefficient. A number indicating the probability that the confidence interval (range) captures the true population mean. For example, a confidence interval with a 95% confidence level has a 95% chance of capturing the population mean. Technically, this means that, if the experiment were repeated many times, 95% of the CIs computed at this level would contain the true population ...

  4. Probability theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_theory

    Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations , probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set of axioms .

  5. Notation in probability and statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notation_in_probability...

    The probability is sometimes written to distinguish it from other functions and measure P to avoid having to define "P is a probability" and () is short for ({: ()}), where is the event space, is a random variable that is a function of (i.e., it depends upon ), and is some outcome of interest within the domain specified by (say, a particular ...

  6. Event (probability theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_(probability_theory)

    In probability theory, an event is a set of outcomes of an experiment (a subset of the sample space) to which a probability is assigned. [1] A single outcome may be an element of many different events, [2] and different events in an experiment are usually not equally likely, since they may include very different groups of outcomes. [3]

  7. Classical definition of probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_definition_of...

    The classical definition of probability assigns equal probabilities to events based on physical symmetry which is natural for coins, cards and dice. Some mathematicians object that the definition is circular. [11] The probability for a "fair" coin is... A "fair" coin is defined by a probability of... The definition is very limited.

  8. Odds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odds

    When probability is expressed as a number between 0 and 1, the relationships between probability p and odds are as follows. Note that if probability is to be expressed as a percentage these probability values should be multiplied by 100%. " X in Y" means that the probability is p = X / Y. " X to Y in favor" means that the probability is p = X ...

  9. Randomness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomness

    In this view, randomness is not haphazardness; it is a measure of uncertainty of an outcome. Randomness applies to concepts of chance, probability, and information entropy. The fields of mathematics, probability, and statistics use formal definitions of randomness, typically assuming that there is some 'objective' probability distribution.

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