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A mediastinal tumor is a tumor in the mediastinum, the cavity that separates the lungs from the rest of the chest. It contains the heart , esophagus , trachea , thymus , and aorta . The most common mediastinal masses are thymoma (20% of mediastinal tumors), usually found in the anterior mediastinum, followed by neurogenic Timor (15–20% ...
The diagnosis of a mediastinal germ cell tumor should be considered in all young males with a mediastinal mass. In addition to physical examination and routine laboratory studies, initial evaluation should include CT of the chest and abdomen, and determination of serum levels of HCG and alpha-fetoprotein.
The most notable of these is sacrococcygeal teratoma, the single most common tumor diagnosed in babies at birth. [citation needed] Of all anterior mediastinal tumors, 15–20% are GCTs of which about 50% are benign teratomas. [10] Ovarian teratomas may be associated with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. [11]
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine and nervous systems. They most ... Thymus and mediastinal carcinoid tumors [11] [12]
Lymphoma is a group of blood and lymph tumors that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). [7] The name typically refers to just the cancerous versions rather than all such tumours. [7] Signs and symptoms may include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, drenching sweats, unintended weight loss, itching, and constantly feeling tired.
Ovarian teratoma with hair inside Mature teratoma of the mediastinum: A horizontal slice of the resected tumor reveals fibrofatty tissue, calcified areas, and a few cystic spaces lined with smooth membrane and containing a hair. In the left lower corner, the involved B5 bronchus is evident.
The principle of surgical resection in limited‐stage small cell lung carcinoma aimed to remove all viable tumors with curative intent. [17] Consideration of surgery is recommended for Stage 1 limited-stage small cell lung cancer patient with a solitary nodule, no hilar or mediastinal involvement, absence of distant metastases , and no ...
Mediastinal paraganglioma. The cut surface of a 3.9 × 3.5 × 2.5 cm tumor is triangular, with a bulging peripheral portion and a somewhat fibrotic center. It was surrounded by the heart, left lower lobe of the lung, aorta, esophagus, and diaphragm, and had been 1.8 cm in diameter 7 years before.