Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The 1997 International Germ Cell Consensus Classification [17] is a tool for estimating the risk of relapse after treatment of malignant germ-cell tumor. A small study of ovarian tumors in girls [ 18 ] reports a correlation between cystic and benign tumors, and conversely, solid and malignant tumors.
The tumor is caused when the germ cells in the ovaries begin divide uncontrollably and become malignant which are characterized with their less organized nuclei and unclearly defined border. [1] Another potential etiology is the dysfunctioning of the tumor suppressor gene , TRC8/RNF139, or even karyotypic abnormalities after close molecular ...
Unlike benign germ cell tumors of the mediastinum, malignant mediastinal tumors are usually symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Most mediastinal malignant tumors are large and cause symptoms by compressing or invading adjacent structures, including the lungs, pleura, pericardium, and chest wall.
The tumor marker test includes two markers, AFP and β-hCG, to detect and classify which type of cancer cell is present. An increasing level in both markers indicates the sign of diagnosing germ cell tumor. AFP (IU/mL) or ng/mL is a protein which a very high concentration of AFP may lead to germ cell tumor. [14]
Choriocarcinoma is a malignant, trophoblastic [1] cancer, usually of the placenta. It is characterized by early hematogenous spread to the lungs. It belongs to the malignant end of the spectrum in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). It is also classified as a germ cell tumor and may arise in the testis or ovary.
Not all germ cell tumors (GCTs) arise from intratubular germ cell neoplasia. The following testicular GCTs do not arise from ITGCN: Spermatocytic tumor [5] Pediatric Yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumour). [6] This is currently an area of controversy as some authors dispute the absence of ITGCN in these cases. [3] Teratoma (rare exceptions) [3]
Polyembryoma is a rare, very aggressive form of germ cell tumor usually found in the ovaries. Polyembryoma has features of both yolk sac tumour and undifferentiated teratoma/embryonal carcinoma, with a characteristic finding of embryoid bodies lying in a loose mesenchymal stroma. It has been found in association with Klinefelter syndrome. [1]
In contrast, the epithelial cells originate from the outer epithelial lining surrounding the gonad while the germ cell tumors arise from the precursor cells of the gametes, hence the name germ cell. [1] In humans, this group accounts for 8% of ovarian cancers and under 5% of testicular cancers. Their diagnosis is histological: only a biopsy of ...