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Neurosyphilis is the infection of the central nervous system in a patient with syphilis. In the era of modern antibiotics , the majority of neurosyphilis cases have been reported in HIV-infected patients.
Meningeal syphilis (as known as syphilitic aseptic meningitis or meningeal neurosyphilis) is a chronic form of syphilis infection that affects the central nervous system. Treponema pallidum , a spirochate bacterium, is the main cause of syphilis, which spreads drastically throughout the body and can infect all its systems if not treated ...
In those with neurosyphilis, intravenous benzylpenicillin or ceftriaxone is recommended. [4] During treatment, people may develop fever, headache, and muscle pains, a reaction known as Jarisch–Herxheimer. [4] In 2015, about 45.4 million people had syphilis infections, [5] of which six million were new cases. [9]
Tabes dorsalis is a late consequence of neurosyphilis, characterized by the slow degeneration (specifically, demyelination) of the neural tracts primarily in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord (nerve root). These patients have lancinating nerve root pain which is aggravated by coughing, and features of sensory ataxia with ocular ...
Died by suicide on account of blindness caused by neurosyphilis. Leo Tolstoy (1828–1910), Russian writer Suspected to have had syphilis [9] Alphonse Daudet (1840–1897), French novelist Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), German philosopher Cause of death disputed, but syphilis or mercury poisoning from syphilis treatment are leading theories.
General paresis, also known as general paralysis of the insane (GPI), paralytic dementia, or syphilitic paresis is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder, classified as an organic mental disorder, and is caused by late-stage syphilis and the chronic meningoencephalitis and cerebral atrophy that are associated with this late stage of the disease when left untreated.
Argyll Robertson pupils were named after Douglas Argyll Robertson (1837–1909), a Scottish ophthalmologist and surgeon who described the condition in the mid-1860s in the context of neurosyphilis. In the early 20th century, William John Adie described a second type of pupil that could "accommodate but not react".
The fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test is a diagnostic test for syphilis.Using antibodies specific for the Treponema pallidum species, such tests would be assumed to be more specific than non-treponemal testing such as VDRL but have been shown repeatedly to be sensitive but not specific for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).