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The outbreak of yellow fever in Barcelona in 1821. The evolutionary origins of yellow fever are most likely African. [1] [2] Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the virus originated from East or Central Africa, with transmission between primates and humans, and spread from there to West Africa. [3]
The yellow fever epidemic occurred during late 1870, beginning in August to the end of the year. There were a total of 1235 deaths; 468 women and 767 men. [ 1 ] The epidemic ended due to the city following hygienic measures and the mosquitoes not surviving Barcelona's cold weather conditions in December 1870. [ 1 ]
Theodore Judah, American railroad and civil engineer, died of yellow fever in 1863. Thomas Dundas (British Army officer), Governor of Guadeloupe, died of yellow fever in 1794. John Fenno, Federalist Party editor and major figure in the history of American newspapers, died of yellow fever in Philadelphia during the epidemic of 1798.
An Episode of Yellow Fever in Buenos Aires (1871), oil on canvas by Juan Manuel Blanes, National Museum of Visual Arts. By the end of February at total of 300 cases had been registered, and March began with over 40 deaths a day, rising to 100 by day 6. All were caused by the fever. By now, the plague was hitting the aristocratic neighbourhoods too.
The first human virus to be identified was the yellow fever virus. [6] In 1881, Carlos Finlay (1833–1915), a Cuban physician, first conducted and published research that indicated that mosquitoes were carrying the cause of yellow fever, [7] a theory proved in 1900 by commission headed by Walter Reed (1851–1902).
[3] [4] It is likely that the refugees and ships carried the yellow fever virus and mosquitoes. Mosquito bites transmit the virus. Mosquitoes easily breed in small amounts of standing water. The medical community and others in 1793 did not understand the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. [5]
1800–1803 Spain yellow fever epidemic 1800–1803 Spain Yellow fever: 60,000+ [124] 1801 Ottoman Empire and Egypt bubonic plague epidemic 1801 Ottoman Empire, Egypt: Bubonic plague: Unknown [125] 1802–1803 Saint-Domingue yellow fever epidemic 1802–1803 Saint-Domingue: Yellow fever: 29,000–55,000 [126] 1812 Russia typhus epidemic 1812 ...
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