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  2. Ion milling machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_milling_machine

    Ion milling is a specialized physical etching technique that is a crucial step in the preparation of material analysis techniques. After a specimen goes through ion milling, the surface becomes much smoother and more defined, which allows scientists to study the material much easier.

  3. Wheat middlings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat_middlings

    Wheat middlings (also known as millfeed, wheat mill run, or wheat midds) are the product of the wheat milling process that is not flour. [1] A good source of protein, fiber, phosphorus, and other nutrients, they are a useful fodder for livestock and pets. [2] They are also being researched for use as a biofuel.

  4. Mineral absorption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_absorption

    In plants and animals, mineral absorption, also called mineral uptake is the way in which minerals enter the cellular material, typically following the same pathway as water. In plants, the entrance portal for mineral uptake is usually through the roots. Some mineral ions diffuse in-between the cells. In contrast to water, some minerals are ...

  5. Mineral processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_processing

    Mineral processing is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores in the field of extractive metallurgy. [1] Depending on the processes used in each instance, it is often referred to as ore dressing or ore milling .

  6. Focused ion beam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focused_ion_beam

    Another ion source seen in commercially available instruments is a helium ion source, which is inherently less damaging to the sample than Ga ions although it will still sputter small amounts of material especially at high magnifications and long scan times. As helium ions can be focused into a small probe size and provide a much smaller sample ...

  7. Micronization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micronization

    Micronization is the process of reducing the average diameter of a solid material's particles. Traditional techniques for micronization focus on mechanical means, such as milling and grinding. Modern techniques make use of the properties of supercritical fluids and manipulate the principles of solubility.

  8. Evolution of metal ions in biological systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_Metal_Ions_in...

    Molybdenum (Mo) is the most abundant transition element in solution in the sea (mostly as dianionic molybdate ion) and in living organisms, its abundance in the Earth's crust is quite low. Therefore, the use of Mo by living organisms seems surprising at first glance. Archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, including humans, require ...

  9. Dry milling and fractionation of grain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_milling_and...

    This process is widely associated with the development of new bio-based associated by-products. The milling process separates the grain into four distinct physical components: the germ, flour, fine grits, and coarse grits. The separated materials are then reduced into food products utilized for human and animal consumption.