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Stream Gaging Station, Carnation, Washington Automated direct measurement of stream discharge is difficult at present. Mathematically, measuring stream discharge is estimating the volumetric flow rate, which is in general a flux integral and thus requires many cross-sectional velocity measurements.
In hydrology, a rating curve is a graph of discharge versus stage for a given point on a stream, usually at gauging stations, where the stream discharge is measured across the stream channel with a flow meter. [1] Numerous measurements of stream discharge are made over a range of stream stages.
A discharge is a measure of the quantity of any fluid flow over unit time. The quantity may be either volume or mass. Thus the water discharge of a tap (faucet) can be measured with a measuring jug and a stopwatch. Here the discharge might be 1 litre per 15 seconds, equivalent to 67 ml/second or 4 litres/minute. This is an average measure.
Measure a length of stream, and mark the start and finish points. The longest length without changing stream conditions is desired to obtain the most accurate measurement. Place an orange at the starting point and measure the time for it to reach the finish point with a stopwatch. Repeat this at least three times and average the measurement times.
A stream hydrograph is commonly determining the influence of different hydrologic processes on discharge from the subject catchment. Because the timing, magnitude, and duration of groundwater return flow differs so greatly from that of direct runoff, separating and understanding the influence of these distinct processes is key to analyzing and simulating the likely hydrologic effects of ...
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
The Embudo Stream Gauging Station is a stream gauge established in 1888 as the United States Geologic Survey's first training center for hydrographers. The station, near the town of Embudo along the Rio Grande in northern New Mexico , was used to develop tools and techniques for measuring stream flow in the arid, western United States.
It is described by the fact that the discharge through a river of an approximate rectangular cross-section must, through conservation of mass, equal Q = u ¯ b h {\displaystyle Q={\bar {u}}bh} where Q {\displaystyle Q} is the volumetric discharge, u ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {u}}} is the mean flow velocity, b {\displaystyle b} is the channel ...