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In humans, the mandible, or lower jaw, is connected to the temporal bone of the skull via the temporomandibular joint. This is an extremely complex joint which permits movement in all planes. The muscles of mastication originate on the skull and insert into the mandible, thereby allowing for jaw movements during contraction.
The jaw elevator muscles develop the main forces used in mastication. The force generated during routine mastication of food such as carrots or meat is about 70 to 150 newtons (16 to 34 lbf ). The maximum masticatory force in some people may reach up to 500 to 700 newtons (110 to 160 lbf ).
The mentalis muscle is a paired central muscle of the lower lip, situated at the tip of the chin. [1] It originates from the mentum of the mandible , and inserts into the soft tissue of the chin. It is sometimes referred to as the "pouting muscle" (as in duck face ) due to it raising the lower lip and causing chin wrinkles .
The action of the muscle during bilateral contraction of the entire muscle is to elevate the mandible, raising the lower jaw. Elevation of the mandible occurs during the closing of the jaws. The masseter parallels the medial pterygoid muscle, but it is stronger and superficial fibres can cause protrusion.
head, mouth (left/right) tubercle of mandible: modiolus of mouth: facial artery: facial nerve [CNVII], mandibular branch: depresses angle of mouth (frown) levator anguli oris: 2 1 transversus menti: head, mouth (left/right) continuation of depressor anguli oris muscles other side of depressor anguli oris muscles facial artery
In anatomy, the temporalis muscle, also known as the temporal muscle, is one of the muscles of mastication (chewing). It is a broad, fan-shaped convergent muscle on each side of the head that fills the temporal fossa, superior to the zygomatic arch so it covers much of the temporal bone. [1] Temporal refers to the head's temples.
Trismus is a condition of restricted opening of the mouth. [1] [2] The term was initially used in the setting of tetanus. [2]Trismus may be caused by spasm of the muscles of mastication or a variety of other causes. [3]
The digastric muscle (also digastricus) (named digastric as it has two 'bellies') is a bilaterally paired suprahyoid muscle located under the jaw.Its posterior belly is attached to the mastoid notch of temporal bone, and its anterior belly is attached to the digastric fossa of mandible; the two bellies are united by an intermediate tendon which is held in a loop that attaches to the hyoid bone.