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The rate of heat flow is the amount of heat that is transferred per unit of time in some material, usually measured in watts (joules per second). Heat is the flow of thermal energy driven by thermal non-equilibrium, so the term 'heat flow' is a redundancy (i.e. a pleonasm). Heat must not be confused with stored thermal energy, and moving a hot ...
The number of transfer units (NTU) method is used to calculate the rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers (especially parallel flow, counter current, and cross-flow exchangers) when there is insufficient information to calculate the log mean temperature difference (LMTD). Alternatively, this method is useful for determining the expected heat ...
The heat transfer coefficient has SI units in watts per square meter per kelvin (W/(m 2 K)). The overall heat transfer rate for combined modes is usually expressed in terms of an overall conductance or heat transfer coefficient, U. In that case, the heat transfer rate is: ˙ = where (in SI units):
˙ is the rate of heat transfer out of the body (SI unit: watt), ˙ = is the heat transfer coefficient (assumed independent of T and averaged over the surface) (SI unit: W/(m 2 ⋅K)), is the heat transfer surface area (SI unit: m 2),
The time rate of heat flow into a region V is given by a time-dependent quantity q t (V). We assume q has a density Q, so that () = (,) Heat flow is a time-dependent vector function H(x) characterized as follows: the time rate of heat flowing through an infinitesimal surface element with area dS and with unit normal vector n is () ().
Thermal conduction rate, thermal current, thermal/heat flux, thermal power transfer P = / W ML 2 T −3: Thermal intensity I = / W⋅m −2: MT −3: Thermal/heat flux density (vector analogue of thermal intensity above) q
The heat transfer processes (or kinetics) are governed by the rates at which various related physical phenomena occur, such as (for example) the rate of particle collisions in classical mechanics. These various states and kinetics determine the heat transfer, i.e., the net rate of energy storage or transport.
In heat transfer analysis, thermal diffusivity is the thermal conductivity divided by density and specific heat capacity at constant pressure. [1] It is a measure of the rate of heat transfer inside a material. It has units of m 2 /s.
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