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The reported melting point of copper(II) chloride of 498 °C (928 °F) is a melt of a mixture of copper(I) chloride and copper(II) chloride. The true melting point of 630 °C (1,166 °F) can be extrapolated by using the melting points of the mixtures of CuCl and CuCl 2.
The main use of copper(I) chloride is as a precursor to the fungicide copper oxychloride. For this purpose aqueous copper(I) chloride is generated by comproportionation and then air-oxidized: [12] Cu + CuCl 2 → 2 CuCl 4 CuCl + O 2 + 2 H 2 O → Cu 3 Cl 2 (OH) 4 + CuCl 2. Copper(I) chloride catalyzes a variety of organic reactions, as
Many organic molecules, as well as inorganic molecules, form crystals that incorporate water into the crystalline structure without chemical alteration of the organic molecule (water of crystallization). The sugar trehalose, for example, exists in both an anhydrous form (melting point 203 °C) and as a dihydrate (melting point 97 °C).
Tin(II) chloride, also known as stannous chloride, is a white crystalline solid with the formula Sn Cl 2. It forms a stable dihydrate, but aqueous solutions tend to undergo hydrolysis, particularly if hot. SnCl 2 is widely used as a reducing agent (in acid solution), and in electrolytic baths for tin-plating.
Copper(II) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu SO 4. It forms hydrates CuSO 4 · n H 2 O , where n can range from 1 to 7. The pentahydrate ( n = 5), a bright blue crystal, is the most commonly encountered hydrate of copper(II) sulfate, [ 10 ] while its anhydrous form is white. [ 11 ]
When not cooled below −5 °C (23 °F), copper hydride decomposes, to produce hydrogen gas and a mixture containing elemental copper: 2 CuH → xCu•(2-x)CuH + ½x H 2 (0 < x < 2) Solid copper hydride is the irreversible autopolymerisation product of the molecular form, and the molecular form cannot be isolated in concentration.
At room temperature, anhydrous cobalt chloride has the cadmium chloride structure (CdCl 2) (R 3 m) in which the cobalt(II) ions are octahedrally coordinated. At about 706 °C (20 degrees below the melting point), the coordination is believed to change to tetrahedral. [2] The vapor pressure has been reported as 7.6 mmHg at the melting point. [6]
Zinc acetate is a salt with the formula Zn(CH 3 CO 2) 2, which commonly occurs as the dihydrate Zn(CH 3 CO 2) 2 ·2H 2 O. Both the hydrate and the anhydrous forms are colorless solids that are used as dietary supplements. When used as a food additive, it has the E number E650.