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The structure of a plant cell wall is incredibly important for wound responses, as both protect the plant from pathogenic infections by preventing various molecules from entering the cell. [ 1 ] Plants are capable of activating innate immunity, by responding to wounding events with damage-associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). [ 1 ]
Injury in plants is damage caused by other organisms or by the non-living (abiotic) environment to plants. Animals that commonly cause injury to plants include insects, mites, nematodes, and herbivorous mammals; damage may also be caused by plant pathogens including fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Abiotic factors that can damage plants include ...
Toxic to both animals and plants. [22] bromine: 35: 5: Essential to membrane architecture and tissue development in animals. [23] May have antibiotic effects in some compounds when it substitutes for chlorine. [24] Bromine compounds are very common in and presumably essential to a variety of marine organisms, including bacteria, fungi, seaweeds ...
The smoke of burning Rhus lancia can cause reactions in the lungs, and can be fatal. [citation needed] Ricinus communis: castor oil plant, castor bean, Palma Christi Euphorbiaceae: The seeds contain ricin, an extremely toxic and water-soluble ribosome-inactivating protein; it is also present in lower concentrations in other parts of the plant ...
Cell damage (also known as cell injury) is a variety of changes of stress that a cell suffers due to external as well as internal environmental changes. Amongst other causes, this can be due to physical, chemical, infectious, biological, nutritional or immunological factors. Cell damage can be reversible or irreversible.
Plant communication encompasses communication using volatile organic compounds, electrical signaling, and common mycorrhizal networks between plants and a host of other organisms such as soil microbes, [2] other plants [3] (of the same or other species), animals, [4] insects, [5] and fungi. [6]
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis can result in damage to the liver, kidneys, heart, brain, smooth muscles, lungs, DNA, lesions all over the body, and could be a potential cause of cancer. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis is known by many other names such as "Pictou Disease" in Canada [ 3 ] and "Winton Disease" in New Zealand. [ 4 ]
Chlorine is a strong oxidizing element causing the hydrogen to split from water in moist tissue, resulting in nascent oxygen and hydrogen chloride that cause corrosive tissue damage. Additionally oxidation of chlorine may form hypochlorous acid , which can penetrate cells and react with cytoplasmic proteins destroying cell structure.