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The FDA cites 400 mg of caffeine per day "as an amount not generally associated with dangerous, negative effects." But its impact can vary from person to person, and it depends on how sensitive ...
“Each person is going to metabolize caffeine a little bit differently, so this [daily recommendation] may vary,” Courtney Pelitera, a registered dietician, tells Fortune. “Additionally ...
Caffeine does not give you energy, just delays fatigue for a little while longer.” In other words, that 2 p.m. cup of coffee is just delaying the inevitable. At first, caffeine might appear to ...
The metabolism of caffeine is reduced in pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, and the half-life of caffeine during pregnancy can be increased up to 15 hours (as compared to 2.5 to 4.5 hours in non-pregnant adults). [79]
Paraxanthine is the primary metabolite of caffeine in humans and other animals, such as mice. [3] Shortly after ingestion, roughly 84% of caffeine is metabolized into paraxanthine by hepatic cytochrome P450, which removes a methyl group from the N3 position of caffeine.
“Aside from general differences in metabolism between people,” says Haar, “obesity, smoking, use of oral contraceptives, altitude, and pregnancy can affect how long it takes for caffeine to ...
1,3,7-Trimethyluric acid, also referred to as trimethyluric acid and 8-oxy-caffeine, is a purine alkaloid that is produced in some plants and occurs as a minor metabolite of caffeine in humans. [1] The enzymes that metabolize caffeine into 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid in humans include CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4. [2]
“Caffeine is absorbed in the GI tract and is metabolized by the liver,” says Hunnes. The drug affects different people differently, depending on how quickly they metabolize it, she explains.