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The balanced equation for the reaction is:- 3 KClO 4 + 8 Al → 3 KCl + 4 Al 2 O 3. The stoichiometric ratio is 34.2% aluminum and 65.8% perchlorate by mass. A ratio of seven parts potassium perchlorate to three parts dark pyro aluminium is the composition used by most pyrotechnicians.
In contact with potassium nitrate (e.g. in black powder) produces potassium perchlorate and hygroscopic ammonium nitrate; no such reaction with sodium nitrate. Reacts with potassium chlorate, producing unstable, gradually decomposing ammonium chlorate; such combination has to be avoided. [1] Nitronium perchlorate
Potassium perchlorate in crystal form. Potassium perchlorate is prepared industrially by treating an aqueous solution of sodium perchlorate with potassium chloride. This single precipitation reaction exploits the low solubility of KClO 4, which is about 1/100 as much as the solubility of NaClO 4 (209.6 g/100 mL at 25 °C). [8]
Another common igniter formula is BPN, BKNO3, or boron – potassium nitrate, a mixture of 25% boron and 75% potassium nitrate by weight. It is used e.g. by NASA . It is thermally stable, stable in vacuum, and its burn rate is independent of pressure.
The key reaction is: [8] 2 NaClO 3 → 2 NaCl + 3 O 2. Potassium and lithium chlorate, and sodium, potassium and lithium perchlorates can also be used in oxygen candles. In the Vika oxygen generator used on some spacecraft, lithium perchlorate is the source of oxygen. At 400 °C (750 °F), it releases 60% of its weight as oxygen: [9]
Alternatively, potassium perchlorate reacts with excess fluorosulfuric acid to give potassium bisulfate and perchloryl fluoride: [8] KClO 4 + HFSO 3 → KHSO 4 + FClO 3. ClO 3 F reacts with alcohols to produce alkyl perchlorates, which are extremely shock-sensitive explosives. [9] In the presence of a Lewis acid, it can be used for introducing ...
The liquid potassium chlorate decomposes into potassium perchlorate and potassium chloride. 4 KClO 3 → KCl + 3 KClO 4. The potassium perchlorate decomposes into potassium chloride and oxygen. KClO 4 → KCl + 2 O 2. The sugar in the candy reacts with oxygen, forming water and carbon dioxide. The reaction is exothermic and produces heat, smoke ...
Potassium nitrate – KNO 3; Potassium perbromate – KBrO 4; Potassium perchlorate – KClO 4; Potassium periodate – KIO 4; Potassium permanganate – KMnO 4; Potassium sodium tartrate – KNaC 4 H 4 O 6; Potassium sulfate – K 2 SO 4; Potassium sulfite – K 2 SO 3; Potassium sulfide – K 2 S; Potassium tartrate – K 2 C 4 H 4 O 6 ...