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The disk with a ray as a symbol for the Sun in late Classical (4th c.) and medieval Byzantine (11th c.) mss [3] In the Greek and European world, until approximately the 16th century, the astrological symbol for the Sun was a disk with a single ray, (U+1F71A ALCHEMICAL SYMBOL FOR GOLD).
A sun cross, solar cross, or wheel cross is a solar symbol consisting of an equilateral cross inside a circle. The design is frequently found in the symbolism of prehistoric cultures, particularly during the Neolithic to Bronze Age periods of European prehistory.
The use of astronomical symbols for the Sun and Moon dates to antiquity. The forms of the symbols that appear in the original papyrus texts of Greek horoscopes are a circle with one ray for the Sun and a crescent for the Moon. [3] The modern Sun symbol, a circle with a dot (☉), first appeared in Europe in the Renaissance. [3]
The astronomical symbol for the Sun is a circle with a center dot, . [22] It is used for such units as M ☉ ( Solar mass ), R ☉ ( Solar radius ) and L ☉ ( Solar luminosity ). [ 23 ] [ 24 ] The scientific study of the Sun is called heliology .
Planetary symbols are used in astrology and traditionally in astronomy to represent a classical planet (which includes the Sun and the Moon) or one of the modern planets. The classical symbols were also used in alchemy for the seven metals known to the ancients, which were associated with the planets, and in calendars for the seven days of the week associated with the seven planets.
Planet symbols – Graphical symbols used in astrology and astronomy; Suns in alchemy – Sun symbols have a variety of uses Circled dot (disambiguation) Monas Hieroglyphica – 1564 book by John Dee about an esoteric symbol; Rub el Hizb – Islamic symbol in the shape of an octagram
The conventional symbols for the signs of the zodiac also develop in the Renaissance period as simplifications of the classical pictorial representations of the signs.) [citation needed] The modern sun symbol resembles the Egyptian hieroglyph for "sun" – a circle that sometimes had a dot in the center, (U+131F3 ㇳ EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH N005).
Gold (Alchemical symbols: planetary metals) Gardiner N5 (U+131F3 ㇳ EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH N005): The sun, part of the representation of the name of Ra in Egyptian hieroglyphs. (This hieroglyph is shown conventionally with a small circle (rather than a dot) with the larger circle. The sun / a day (Chinese oracle script, the modern character being ...